ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

HOTS: (High Order Thinking Skill) Questions

1. Kazi and priyam want to prepare dil H2SO4 .Kazi added conc.H2SO4 to water
slowly with constant stirring& cooling whereas Priyam added water to conc.
H2SO4.Name the student who was correct and why?
2. A compound X is bitter in taste. It is a component of washing powder& reacts
with dil.HCl to produce brisk effervescence due to colourless, odourless gas
Y which turns lime water milky due to formation of Z. When excess of CO2
is passed, milkiness disappears doe to formation of P. Identify X, Y, and Z &
P.
3. Compound P forms enamel of teeth. It is the hardest substance of the body.
It does not dissolve in water but it is corroded when pH in the mouth is below
5.5. How does tooth paste prevent dental decay?
4. The oxide of a metal M was water soluble when a blue litmus strip was
dipped in this solution, it did not go any change in colour. Predict the nature
of oxide
5. A first aid manual suggests that vinegar should be used to treat wasp sting
and baking soda for bee stings.
(i) What does this information tell you about the chemical nature
of the wasp stings
(ii) If there were no baking soda in the house, what other household
substance could you use to treat bee stings?
6. `A` is a soluble acidic oxide and `B` is a soluble base. Compared to pH of
pure water. What will be the pH of (a) solution of A (b) solution of B?
7. A road tanker carrying an acid was involved in an accident and its contents
spilled on the road. At the side of the road, iron drain covers began melting
and fizzing as the acid ran over them. A specialist was called to see if the
acid actually leaked into the nearby river.
(a) Explain how the specialist could carry out a simple test to see if the
river water contains some acid or not.
(b) The word melting is incorrectly used in the report. Suggest a better
name that should have been used.
(c) Explain why drain covers began fizzing as the acid rain over them.
8. A compound `X` on electrolysis in aqueous solution produces a strong base.
`Y` along with two gases `A` and `B`. `B` is used in manufacture of
bleaching powder. Identify X, Y, A and B. Write chemical equations.
9. A yellow powder X gives a pungent smell if left open in air. It is prepared by
the reaction of dry compound Y with chlorine gas. It is used for disinfecting
drinking water. Identify X and Y. and write the reaction involved.
10. When CO2 gas pass through saturated solution of ammonical brine, two
compound `X` and `Y` are formed. `Y` is used as antacid and decomposes to
form another solid `Z`. Identify `X`,`Y`, `Z` and write chemical equations.
11.A compound `A on heating at 370 K gives `B` used as plaster for supporting
fractured bones in the right position. `B` on mixing with water changes to `A`.
Identify `A` and `B` and write the chemical reaction.
12. A few drops of phenolphthalein indicator were added to an unknown solution
A. It acquired pink colour. Now another unknown solution B was added to it
drop by drop and the solution becomes colorless. Predict the nature of A & B.
13. A student heated a few crystals of copper sulphate in a dry boiling tube.
(a) What will be the color of the copper sulphate after heating?
(b) Will you notice water droplets in the boiling tube?
(c) Where have these come from?
14. A substance `X` used in the kitchen for making tasty crispy pakoras.and is also an
ingredient of antacid. Name the substance `X`.
(i) How does `X` help to make cakes and bread soft and spongy.
(ii) Is the pH value of solution of `X` is lesser than or greater than 7.0?

Perception of Ride

Passenger opinion regarding what constitutes good ride quality obviously is extremely subjective.
What one person considers the optimum ride may be completely unacceptable to
another. The person who prefers sports cars will be appalled by the handling of a large luxury
vehicle, whereas the owner of the luxury vehicle will be quite dissatisfied with the ride of a
sports car.
Other factors come into play when people evaluate the ride quality of a vehicle. Certainly, the
acoustic quality is a factor, and although not a direct result of the suspension, people object to
noises, rattles, and squeaks in their vehicles. The "feel" of the seats is another important
consideration and has an impact on the level of force or vibration transmitted to the occupant's
body. The climate control system, while not at all influenced by the suspension design, influences
perception of ride, too. If a person is uncomfortable because of the interior temperature,
his or her subjective evaluation of ride quality will be affected. Thus, one of the challenges
facing the suspension engineer is to take highly subjective evaluations and convert them into
numerical standards.
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Some debate exists as to what quality of motion people find objectionable. Displacement is
not an issue. If it were, climbing steps does not in itself produce discomfort, although the
effort required may. Likewise, velocity is not uncomfortable, as evidenced by pilots who
operate aircraft at speeds greater than Mach 1, with no ill effects. Constant acceleration is felt
as a constant force. While pulling a constant 8-9g in an aircraft is less than comfortable, the
levels of acceleration produced by most passenger cars do not induce great discomfort.
Automotive Engineering Fundamentals
However, the rate of change of acceleration, or the jerk, can produce discomfort. A parachutist
feels discomfort at the moment of opening his or her parachute due to the shock, although
it is usually mitigated by a profound sense of relief as the parachute inflates. But the jerk is
not the only element that produces discomfort. The frequency of acceleration and its direction
influence comfort. A car that pitches drastically when encountering a bump is seen as
less comfortable than one that bounces in a more flat attitude, even if both motions continue
for similar amounts of time.
A substantial body of literature is devoted to quantifying ride quality and human perception
of ride. Studies and data have been collected by bodies such as the Society of Automotive
Engineers (SAE) and the International Standards Organization (ISO), as well as by individual
researchers. Gillespie (1994) provides a succinct overview of the literature. Although the
sources are numerous, Gillespie concludes that there are no accepted standards for judging
ride quality due to variables such as seat position, single versus multiple frequency inputs,
multi-direction input, duration of exposure, and audible or ocular inputs.
The bottom line is that all of the research and comfort curves are a starting point for the
suspension engineer. There is no substitute for the subjective evaluation provided by a road
test. We could conclude that the suspension engineer should eliminate all vibration from the
car, but this tends to be an infinite problem. As surely as one vibration is removed, the
occupants become aware of another, more subtle vibration. As a result, suspension engineers
appear to have solid job security for the foreseeable future.

Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 Tablet

When Samsung first launched its Galaxy Note smartphone with a stylus and a massive 5.3-inch screen, the electronics maker argued that the Note was the first in a whole new class of device — neither a phone nor a tablet, but something in between. Well, we weren’t buying the hype. When Wired tested the Note, we discovered it was neither a phablet nor a tablone, but rather just a really big smartphone.

Samsung’s next Note, however, definitely won’t be a phone. On Monday, Samsung announced that theGalaxy Note 10.1 will launch sometime in August, and will be a full-fledged tablet. In fact, the Note 10.1 is essentially the same device as the Galaxy Tab 2 10.1, except for a spec bump and the addition of Samsung software that allows you to put the S Pen to task scribbling out quick annotations, taking screenshots, and editing photos, among other things.

As our U.K. colleagues saw back in February, the Note 10.1 even looks mostly the same as the Galaxy Tab 2 10.1. Both devices feature 1,280×800 displays and run on Google’s Android 4.0 operating system. On the inside, the Note 10.1 will feature Samsung’s 1.4GHz Exynos quad-core processor and 2GB of RAM, a jump from the Galaxy Tab 2 10.1′s 1GHz dual-core CPU and 1GB of RAM.

While Samsung did say on Monday that the Note 10.1 will hit U.S. retailers in August, company officials did not offer up an exact launch date. We asked if the August 15 Galaxy Note event in New York will focus on the Note 10.1 or a new Note phone as has been rumored, but Samsung officials declined to comment.

Windows Phone 8 Leaked

Microsoft has kept mum on Windows Phone 8 since its initial announcement in June, but now the Windows Phone 8 SDK (software developer kit) has leaked online, revealing an early look at what to expect from Microsoft’s upcoming mobile platform. The file, first posted today by Chinese site WPXAPand reported by WPCentral, is an SDK for Windows Phone 8 Developer Preview that was hosted on Microsoft’s servers, from which Wired was able to download it.

The leaked SDK confirms much of what Microsoft has already announced, including native code support, Marketplace capabilities such as in-app purchasing, SD-card support, and new APIs for speech recognition. But the developer documents also mention some unannounced Windows Phone 8 changes and features, such as camera and lens improvements and Nokia Maps capabilities.

Windows Phone 8 will get an improved, built-in camera experience that developers will be able to tap into with their apps. There’s an entirely new camera API in the Windows Phone 8 Developer Preview that makes it possible for apps to get real-time access to a phone’s video stream, camera features such as ISO and exposure, and multiframe capture. Developers will also be able to build new “lenses,” apps that add features like effects, filters and computational photography to the on-board camera. (Think Instagram-style photo processing.)

The developer documents also offer insight into Nokia Maps features, such as a new 3D-mode. Considering the moves Google and Apple are making in the mapping space, it makes sense for Microsoft to ensure that its mobile platform has equal or better mapping capabilities. Nokia Maps will be the default mapping system on all Windows Phone 8 devices and developers will be able to use a new API to access features like driving directions directly in their apps.

WP Central and Paul Thurott at Winsupersite.com installed the Windows Phone 8 emulator, revealing several other minor changes in the mobile platform’s user interface and apps. The Data Smart app, which allows you to track your mobile data usage, is now apparently called Data Sense. As expected, Zune branding has vanished from the Music app. There’s the new Wallet app, Internet Explorer 10, and naturally, the new Start Screen.

Other smaller changes revealed in the leak include peer-to-peer Bluetooth sharing, and new app capabilities — third-party app developers will be able to access lockscreen notifications, apps will be able to work in the background, and apps will have access to Windows Phone’s media library to add and delete photos, music, video and audio.

Microsoft has yet to announce Windows Phone 8′s official release date, but reports are pointing to a November launch.



Biggest Tech Innovations

NEW YORK – New production models and concept cars might have stolen this year's New York International Auto Show, but underneath all that aluminum, steel and carbon fiber was some impressive new technology, most of which is headed to a car near you in the coming months and years.

From all-wheel drive hybrid powertrains to cloud-connected digital dashboards, the vehicles lining the halls at the Javits Center are harbingers of the future, and we've compiled the stand-outs here in the best new automotive technologies of the 2012 New York Auto Show.

Cadillac's CUE On View

We told you about Cadillac's CUE infotainment system when it debuted late last year. This was the first chance we had to try it out, and we came away cautiously impressed.

In the CUE cockpit we sampled, button presses were accompanied by light haptic feedback. Superfluous controls faded away after 15 seconds of non-use, freeing up screen space for an easy-to-read display. Move your hand closer to CUE's center touchscreen and all those menus will reapear. We especially liked a new row of preset buttons that allows you to program navigation destinations and phone numbers alongside radio stations – something that BMW has been doing for years.

Lots of cars have digital displays for gauge clusters, but most of them either mimic analog controls or look like something out of an airplane cockpit. Cadillac offers up four separate display settings which range from simple to complex depending on what sort of information the driver prefers. Technophobes will probably prefer the bare-bones "Simple" display, while "Performance" and "Enhanced" offer additional, customizable functionality. The whole system is Linux-based and will eventually support open source applications.

While we'll always lament the loss of simple audio and HVAC controls, the connected car is gladly here to stay. CUE might be one of the best solutions we've seen so far to integrate new technology with old.

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Garmin and Suzuki Partner Up

Suzuki announced that most 2013 Suzuki vehicles will offer an infotainment system made by Garmin. The setup will include a 6.1-inch touchscreen that controls navigation, audio, and Bluetooth. It will also feature a smartphone link and voice control.

If there's anything we've learned from using clunky touchscreens in recent Jaguar and Land Rover products, it's that lower-volume automakers are better off relying on an established manufacturer to tailor an existing infotainment system for in-car use. That's what Subaru does in the Forester with a simple and elegant setup from TomTom. Here's hoping that Suzuki and Garmin's partnership results in a similar success.

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Acura Sport Hybrid SH-AWD

When Acura debuted its new RLX flagship model, it became the second car to feature the automaker's Sport Hybrid Super Handling All Wheel Drive system, or Sport Hybrid SH-AWD for short. Honda North America CEO Tetsuo Iwamura said it would become a "signature technology for Acura," coming first – but not limited to – the RLX.

While the NSX concept uses a gas engine to power the rear wheels and dual electric motors up front, the RLX turns the beat around with electric motors for each rear wheel and a gas engine powering the hoops up front. Acura says the systems should give the V6-powered car city, highway and combined fuel economy of 30 MPG.

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Acura Precision All-Wheel Steer

Yes, Acura still has a front-wheel drive flagship in the new RLX. but if you choose the front-drive-only model, you at least get four-wheel steering.

Precision All Wheel Steer is the latest iteration of a concept that gained fame on the Honda Prelude and the new RLX uses electronic actuators to control the steering angle of the left and right rear wheels. The system works together with the car's electronic stability control and variable steering for optimal control at a variety of speeds.

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Lincoln MKZ Sunroof

The MKZ concept debuted back in January at the Detroit Auto Show, but the production model bowed here in New York. One of its key features is a massive, nearly two-foot-long retractable sunroof that slides open in less than 10 seconds. Even though it opens back over the rear windscreen, it didn't appear to hinder visibility. We didn't get the full impact of a giant glass roof under the fluorescent lights of the Javits Center, but imagine it'll likely appeal to folks who want to peel the roof off their sedan without the inconveniences of a convertible.

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Rupee Depreciates, Luxury Car Makers Go Into Panic Mode

  

Toyota, Volkswagen, Skoda, Honda and General Motors are have a lot in common at the moment. Not only are they all major players in the luxury car markets but they are also in a panic as the rupee goes into a massive decline. The ill effects of the sharply declining rupee could spell out a troublesome period ahead for all of these companies as sales figures look set to plummet.

The Deteriorating Rupee

Since the above comapnies deal with exports on a large scale, the deteriorating rupee is likely to cause them financial havoc. However, the companies that specialize in small cars will come across fewer problems as around 80-90% of the smaller cars are manufactured locally. This means that the mid-sized and premium car segments will be most impacted. Those who export will have a natural hedge but most car companies import 20-30% of their car parts.

Localizing vs. Imports

The rupee did however show some signs of resurrection after closing on Friday at 52.10 against the dollar. The major concern for these companies is the fact that they import products in such large quantities so the idea now is to localize their resources as much as possible. General Motors import the parts for the Cruze, Optra and Aveo before actually assembling the cars in India. Things look better for the likes of Hyundai, Ford, Maruti Suzuki and Nissan as even though they rely heavily on exports from India, they will be able to cushion themselves from the blow of the rupees decline.

Lending Problems

The volatile situation with the rupee looks set to stick around for at least the next 2-3 months and many comapnies are bracing themselves for what’s to come next. The movement of the rupee will also affect borrowing with Hyundai Motor India admitting it has around $250 million-worth of long term loans in place. The higher costs will not be covered by the exports alone and many comapnies will just have to wait and see how drastic the situation gets before they make any decisions.

China is also feeling the heat a little as its luxury car market begins to show signs of slowing. While the yen is not falling like the rupee, many rich Chinese people are refusing to splash out on luxury cars as the high luxury car tax in the country means that they pay more than three times for a prestigious car than you would in the US. With even the Chinese curbing their spending, it looks likely that the worldwide luxury car market can expect a decline in sales in the near future and as such, many luxury car manufacturers are already creating more affordable versions of their most popular brands…

AIRDROID

AirDroid is a great and amazing app for Android that offers a simple, quick and most efficient way to manage your Android device wirelessly using a web browser on your computer. It frees you from the hassle of using USB cable or a card reader to manage the stuff on your SD card. AirDroid is smart Wi-Fi based file manager that something Google hasn’t offered yet but would most probably integrate in near future.

AirDroid is a fast, free and a must have app for Android users. It works flawlessly and is a lot easier to use than other similar wireless file sharing apps like Samba and SwiFTP. Besides making it convenient and easy to manage and transfer the data between Android phone and PC over Wi-Fi, it delivers several brilliant features as well. The app boasts a beautiful and simple interface, supports Android 2.1 or later.

To Wireless Remote Control your device, just launch the app and Start. An IP address is listed that you need to visit in web browser on your desktop computer (Windows, Mac, Ubuntu, etc.) and input the dynamic password generated by AirDroid to login. There is also an option to set a Pre-defined password that is disabled by default but can be enabled from the Settings. This makes it incredibly easier to wirelessly connect the Android device and computer, connected to the same Wi-Fi network.

   

The Web Desktop of AirDroid is far more impressive, with a cool and awesome interface that works just fantastic. One great feature is the ability to sent SMS text messages, reply to messages and forward them to a group of people directly from the browser. It even shows the Internal and SD card storage info of phone, Wi-Fi, network strength and percentage of battery remaining.

AirDroid seamlessly performs a variety of tasks. You can,

• Browse and manage entire SD card directory, including the files and folders.
• Transfer files between Android devices and computers via Wi-Fi: Cut, copy, paste, search, rename or delete files on the SD card. Works like Windows explorer.

• Read, Send, forward or delete SMS messages.
• Install, Uninstall, Backup (export), search Apps and does batch processing.
• Manage Music Files – Import, Export, Delete, Play, search, or set audio as phone call,notification and alarm ringtones. Option to sort music by songs & album. ID3 tags, file size, track length, etc. is also listed.
• Explore Camera Photos (image thumbnails supported) and Images – Preview, delete, import, export, set as wallpaper, search photo album and see photos slideshow. Image name, dimension and file size is also listed.

• Group, create Contacts, edit, search and delete contacts. See call log of a particular phone number and send a text message.
• View and delete Call Logs – Individual tabs for Incoming, Outgoing and Missed calls.
• Share Clipboard Text between desktop and phone – Type lengthy text comfortably using your desktop keyboard and share it from phone.
• Import, Export, Delete, Search, Play, and set Ringtones for phone calls, notifications and alarms.

Moreover, AirDroid on phone offers below listed features:

Device Status – Check Real-time ROM, SD Card, Battery, CPU and RAM status report, and one-tap ‘Release Memory’ option to boost memory.

Tasks Manager – Kill running apps to free memory, batch operation supported.

Apps Manager – Uninstall, or check details of installed user and system apps.

File Manager – Cut, copy, rename, send/share, delete, sort and create folders.

Note: Use recent version of Google Chrome or Firefox browser for best performance.

 

Samsung Galaxy S3 I9300

• 1.4GHz quad-core processor
• 16 / 32GB Internal storage memory
• SD Card slot to expand memory to 64 GB
• 4.8″ Super AMOLED display
• 8 megapixel camera
• 1080p video recording at 60fps
• 2100 mAh battery
• NFC Chip
• Ice Cream Sandwich OS – 4.0.4 version

This was the rumors part:

From another website Crazyaboutmobile , we found that the specifications that are rumored around could be possibly a little higher than what is shared on the Galaxy SIII’s Facebook wall post. Here are the other list of rumored specifications around -

4.6-inch Super AMOLED Plus screen at 1,280×720-pixel resolution
1.8GHz chip with 2GB RAM
Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich
12-megapixel camera

 

PRICE IN INDIA

 36,299  

  Average User Rating

8.5